Challenges in hemodynamics assessment in complex neurovascular geometries using computational fluid dynamics and benchtop flow simulation in 3D printed patient-specific phantoms

Complex hemodynamics as those related to carotid stenosis are not always straightforward due to multifaceted challenges presented by the collateral flow in the Circle of Willis (CoW) and brain flow autoregulation. Advanced computational and benchtop methods to investigate hemodynamics aspects related to such complex flows are often used. In this study we investigated these aspects by performing correlated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and benchtop experiments in patient specific 3D printed phantoms. Initial results present challenges in the use of these methods. Ongoing work is being done to address phantom design and proper boundary conditions in CFD simulation.