One-step immunoaffinity purification of active progesterone receptor. Further evidence in favor of the existence of a single steroid binding subunit.

: A very high capacity immunoaffinity matrix for the purification of progesterone receptor was prepared by cross-linking a monoclonal antireceptor antibody to protein A-Sepharose through the Fc fragment. The monoclonal antibody was selected for its property of losing affinity for the receptor at pH 10.5, i.e., in conditions where the receptor remains stable for extensive periods of time. This made it possible to elute active receptor form the immunosorbent. From crude rabbit uterine cytosol the steroid-receptor complexes were purified in a single step. A 1-mL column (containing 7 mg of monoclonal antibody) bound 1600 pmol of steroid-receptor complexes of which 79.5% were eluted. The overall yield of purification was 49%. The specific activity of the purified steroid-receptor complexes was 6.71 +/- 0.79 nmol of bound steroid/mg of protein (mean +/- SE of four experiments). The purified receptor consisted of a mixture of 110 000- and 79 000-dalton forms. The latter appeared to be produced by proteolysis of the larger form during purification since immunoblot experiments showed that, at the start of purification, the 110 000-dalton form was present in overwhelming majority (80-95%) in the uterine cytosol and that the 79 000-dalton form only appeared during purification. This conclusion was also supported by the peptide analysis of both forms of receptor: the purified receptor was denatured and labeled with 125I; the 110 000- and 79 000-dalton forms were isolated by gel electrophoresis in denaturing conditions and electroelution and were then submitted to mild or extensive digestions by trypsin, chymotrypsin, and protease V8 from Staphylococcus aureus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)