Carotenoids Synthesis and Isomerism

Carotenoids, a class of natural pigments, are biologically active molecules. These are produced naturally in photosynthetic as well as non-photosynthetic organisms. Carotenoids can be synthesized by using simple building block units in laboratory as well as at industrial level. These are produced in recemic forms via various synthetic routes and characterized through multiple analytical and physicochemical methods. These are interchanged into complex molecules but biologically important products that play important role, in human health, medicine, food, biotechnological products, etc. However, we have compiled a concise chapter that consists of synthesis, characterization and their effects after isomerization of carotenoids. We have focused on the simple, easily understandable synthetic methods and sophisticated analytical methods.