Low-Dose X-Irradiation ofAdjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats
2004
Low-dose radiotherapy is widely accepted as a very
effective treatment option for inflammatory symptoms associated
with painful degenerative joint disorders. Radiation doses and
fractionation schedules in practical use are empirical and
mainly based on clinical observations. Experimental data are
rare. The efficacy of low-dose X-irradiation on adjuvant induced
arthritis in rats using different fractionation schemes was
investigated in vivo, in order to explore whether there is a
dose and fractionation dependence. Adjuvant arthritis in female Lewis rats (n = 128) was
induced by intradermal injection of heat-inactivated
Mycobacterium tuberculosis on
day 0. Both arthritic hind paws were sham-irradiated (group 1:
days 10–14; group 2: days 15–19; group 3: days 22–26) or
X-irradiated with either 5 × 1.0 Gy (group 4: days 10–14; group
6: days 15–19; group 8: days 22–26; group 10: days 10, 12, 14,
16, and 18) or 5 × 0.5 Gy (group 5: days 10–14; group 7: days
15–19; group 9: days 22–26; group 11: days 10, 12, 14, 16, and
18; group 12: days 10–14 and 22–26). The clinical parameters
arthritis score (AS), hind paw volume (HPV), and body weight
were determined. A significant decrease of the clinical arthritis
parameters was observed following 5 × 0.5 Gy or 5 × 1.0 Gy
during the acute maximum of the inflammatory response (days
15–19). The most pronounced treatment effect was reached after
two daily fractionated series of 5 × 0.5 Gy with an early
treatment onset (days 10–14) and repetition in interval (days
22–26). After the application of 5 × 1.0 Gy on days 10–14 or in
a protracted scheme (days 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18), only a
nonsignificant positive trend could be detected. Daily
fractionated X-irradiation in the chronic phase of adjuvant
arthritis (days 22–26) did not show any positive clinical
effect. Low-dose radiotherapy is able to prevent a full-blown
arthritic reaction if given during the florid phase of adjuvant
arthritis. Two series of 5 × 0.5 Gy with an early treatment
onset (days 10–14) and repetition in interval (days 22–26) were
the most effective treatment schedule in this experimental
study.
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