Epidemiology and control of bluetongue disease in Israel

Summary: The history and epizootiology of bluetongue in Israel are described in detail. The disease has become endemic and strictly seasonal in the northern parts of the country. Exogenous breeds of sheep seem to be particularly susceptible. No clinical cases in bovines have been reported since 1973. There is no evidence of clinical disease in caprines. Five virus types, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 16, have been identified in Israel, all prior to 1974. Results of a recent survey, including serological and virological examinations, are presented. Seasonal and geographical distribution is discussed.