The existence of orthopaedic clinic in the Qingming Shanghe Tu

Qingming Shanghe Tu(Along the River During the Qingming Festival) is a traditional Chinese painting created by Zhang Zeduan, a Northern Song Dynasty painter. The painting, which showed us the daily life of citizens in Northern Song’s Bianjing(capital of the country), had an important value for studying the society and folkways of the Northern Song Dynasty.Therefore, many articles and books refer to the signboard with words "specialized in the bone-setting" as an evidence to prove the existence of orthopaedic clinics in Northern Song Dynasty.Through textual research, we found signboard with words "specialized in the bone-setting" did not exist in the Qingming Shanghe Tu, but in one of its facsimile titled "Qing Court Version" . The "Qing Court Version" depicted the daily life and culture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In conclusion: the previous inference that the orthopaedic therapy was widely applicated among the people of Northern Song Dynasty is inaccurate. Key words: orthopaedics; Qingming Shanghe Tu; history of medicine