A review of disaster management frameworks

Over the past two decades, several disasters have been recorded, leaving behind a number of victims among death and wounded. Disasters can be natural, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, forest fires and tsunamis, or artificial (man-made) such as urban disasters, terrorist disasters and industrial disasters. Several research studies have been conducted in attempts to deal with disasters in three stages: pre-disaster, during disaster, and post-disaster. Generally, disaster management encounters many challenges; however, due to continuous technological improvement, some challenges have been addressed. In many cases, information technology has a major influence on disaster management success. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the key players which can provide a substantial amount of real-time data collected from as number of devices distributed along several geographic locations. In disaster management systems or frameworks, data are considered to be one of the most critical success factors because it represents the backbone of the system. In this paper, a review of the most recent data sources and frameworks used for disaster management has been discussed.