Magyar származású tudósok szerepe az otoneurológia fejlődésében

: Despite of the symptoms of vertigo have been known since thousands of years, it was evident by the research of the pioneer scientists of the 19th century (Flourens, Meniere, Breuer and others) that dizziness can also be attributed to inner ear disfunctions. The discovery of the vestibulo-ocular reflex was an important milestone (Endre Hőgyes, 1884). The vestibulo-ocular reflex stabilizes images on the retina by rotating the eyes at the same speed but in the opposite direction of head motion. The milestone discovery of Hőgyes by stimulating individual labyrinth receptors and recording the activity of eye muscles were verified by Janos Szentagothai in 1950. Low-frequency lesions of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex can be investigated by caloric test (Robert Barany,1906), high-frequency lesions by head impulse test (Gabor Michael Halmagyi and Ian Stewart Curthoys, 1988).