Industry and Industrial Policies in the European Union

Focusing on industrial policies in the European Union, which Romania is part of, the chapter explores the new industrial policies implemented under the Europe 2020 Strategy priorities. Starting with the role of industry in the new development model of the EU in achieving smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, the authors emphasize the critical importance of actions to encourage industrial renaissance, particularly through R & D and innovation and draw attention to the framework within which Romania’s reindustrialization should be positioned. Relevant international experiences in policies and instruments aimed to support industrial competitiveness, the internationalization of companies and the increase in exports are considered in the final part of the chapter as a source of useful lessons to be learned by Romania.