Latent Tuberculosis Infection Diagnosis and Treatment

This book chapter provides an overview over the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing and treatment. It provides details of the currently available immunological diagnostic tests, as well as LTBI treatment, referring to the best available evidence and international guidance. It then reviews the evidence for use of LTBI testing and treatment in different settings and populations and discusses the trade-offs between an individual risk-based approach and a population-based approach when considering LTBI programmes.