A case of gingival carcinoma producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

We report a case of lower gingival carcinoma with severe granulocytosis apparently caused by G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) derived from tumor cells.A 54-year-old man had marked leukocytosis with up to 51, 600WBC/μ1. The serum concentration of G-CSF was also high (330μg/ml).The tumor was diagnosed pathologically as a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the presence of G-CSF in the tumor cells was demonstrated by avidin-biotin-peroxidase staining anti-G-CSF antibody. These findings demonstrated that these tumor cells produced and secreted G-CSF.