Phenol resin, epoxy resin, epoxy resin composition, and cured product of same

The objective of the present invention is to provide a resin from which a cured product having both excellent heat resistance and flame retardancy can be obtained. This phenol resin and epoxy resin are resins having a benzopyran structure, and the phenol resin is represented by formula (1) below. (In the formula R 1 represents independent C1-6 alkyl groups, R 2 represents independent hydrogen atoms or C1-6 alkyl groups, k represents an integer from 1-4, and n represents an integer from 0-10.)