Gaivoron—Zavallia section of the Middle Pobuzhzhіa is the most representative part of the granulite complex of the Ukrainian Shield (structural-tectonophysical results and magnetometric studies)

In the article according to the geological and geophysical data of the well-exposed areas of development of Archean rocks of the Ukrainian Shield, two alternative approaches to establishing the structure and stratigraphy of the oldest granulite complexes are discuss. The outcrops of the enderbite-gneiss complex up to 3.6—3.8 billion years old are located along the Southern Bug River between the Gaivoron town and the Zavallia village. The first, «stratigenic-metamorphogenic» approach assumes that the main features of the composition and structure of the Lower Archean complexes are inherited from the original stratotypic strata. These strata are transformed in the conditions of quasi-isochemical metamorphism with preservation of the sequence of formation in section and the primary constitution in the form of stratification, rhythmicity, direction of change of their composition vertically and laterally. On the structural-formation map and geological section of the Gaivoron—Zavallia section, the Archean granulite complex is shown in the form of a synclinorium composed of four adjacent formations, which are equated to the world of metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary rocks. The second, «deformation-metamorphogenic» approach, which is supported by the authors of this article, is based on the idea that the granulite complex of Pobuzhzhіa is a subvertically layered medium formed by tangential tectonic forces. The latter lead to shear deformations and displacement of matter at the atomic-molecular (with mineral transformation of rocks) and rock masses at the regional level. This creates structural and textural elements that are superimposed on the primary structure of rocks and often erase it. Field structural-tectonophysical, tectonofacial and magnetometric studies, its results are presented in the article. It was performed specifically to compare these two concepts. Magnetometric studies have shown that the enderbite-gneiss complex of the district by its magnetic characteristics belongs to the middle and lower crust of the Ukrainian Shield.