Long-Term Care, Nursing Homes and Support Services

About 70% of the elderly aged 80 years and over have a handicap, and 41% are severely handicapped. Physical impairments and functional limitations have a considerable impact on daily life activities. There is an increasing frequency of several diseases virtually involving all organs co-existing in older people leading to increased morbidity. People in this group at some stage in their life will find it demanding to look after themselves at home. At some stage in one’s life, the prospect of living in a nursing home is significantly higher. Risk factors for institutionalization are many. Long-term care (LTC) typifies a variety of services. This chapter provides an overview of the risk factors for institutionalization and the services that are available to the elderly and their carers.