Overview of clinical and therapeutic research on insomnia in children and adolescents

Children and adolescents are at a crucial stage of life course, in which many behavioral patterns that help determine current and future health outcomes are established. Mental health care at this stage is indispensable. Insomnia in children and adolescents is affected by a variety of factors such as physiological development, social environment such as school and family, psychological behavior. Insomnia in children and adolescents includes a series of symptoms such as difficulty in falling asleep, lack of sleep time, poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, which significantly affect their mental state, the quality of life and learning. The treatment methods for insomnia in children and adolescents include sleep hygiene education, cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness meditation. In this paper, a review of insomnia in children and adolescents has been summarized from three aspects (the causes, symptoms and treatments) to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Key words: Child; Adolescent; Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders; Etiology; Psychotherapy