Temperature and pressure dependence of the optimized soft-sticky dipole-quadrupole-octupole water model

The soft-sticky dipole-quadrupole-octupole (SSDQO) potential energy function for a coarse-grained single-site water model has Lennard-Jones interactions and an approximate multipole expansion for the electrostatics. Here, the Lennard-Jones parameters and multipole moments of SSDQO were optimized so that the structural, thermodynamic, dynamic, and dielectric properties agreed with experimental values of liquid water at ambient conditions. Using these parameters, the temperature and pressure dependence of various properties were shown to be in good agreement with experiment, including a temperature of maximum density at ∼260 K. This new parametrization, referred to as SSDQO1, is both computationally faster and generally more accurate over a wide range of conditions than traditional three-site water models, which demonstrates that a model with a single dipole, quadrupole, and octupole on each water molecule can reproduce the tetrahedral hydrogen bonded network of water.