IN VITRO DEGRADATION OF DIACETOXYSCIRPENOL AND T-2 TOXIN BY USE OF MUCOR RACEMOSUS FRESEN. F. RACEMOSUS ISOLATE *
2011
Under controlled in vitro conditions the capacity of the Mucor racemosus f.
racemosus 1215/09 isolate to degrade type A trichothecenes
(diacetoxyscirpenol - DAS and T-2 toxin) was observed in the liquid nutritive
medium. According to previously performed experiments it was proved that the
selected isolate, originating from sunflower meal, had the ability to
degrade these fusariotoxins when growing on the modified Vogel’s agar
supplemented with crude extracts of DAS and T-2 toxin. In order to determine
biodegradation of fusariotoxins, the liquid nutritive medium - SPY (5%
sucrose + 0.1% peptone + 0.1% yeast extract, pH 6.2) was simultaneously
inoculated with the isolate M. racemosus f. racemosus 1215/09 and: a)
Fusarium semitectum SL-B (DAS producer) or b) F. sporotrichioides R-2301 (T-2
toxin producer). The SPY media, inoculated with single fungal isolates,
were used as a control of toxin biosynthesis. The cultures were incubated at
room temperature (21-26oC) on the rotary shaker (175 rpm). After the 3-5-day
incubation, the filtration of liquid cultures and the extraction of
fusariotoxins from filtrates with ethyl-acetate were performed.
Determinations of DAS and T-2 toxin were done by thin layer chromatography
using silica gel G. Depending on the incubation duration, M. racemosus f.
racemosus in the mixed culture with F. semitectum degraded from 90.0 to
99.97% of DAS present in the medium (40,000- 120,000 µg l-1), while in the
mixed culture with F. sporotrichioides it degraded from 95.0 to 96.7% of T-2
toxin present in the medium (240,000 µg l-1). Sterile filtrates of mixed
cultures and single culture of M. racemosus f. racemosus, obtained by passing
liquid cultures through the 0.45-µm membrane filter and added to the SPY
medium, did not affect degradation of type A trichothecenes that had been
biosynthesised by isolates F. semitectum SL-B and F. sporotrichioides R-2301
in the liquid medium.
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