Peroxiredoxin-6 is a Guardian of lung pathophysiologies.

The moonlighting protein, Prdx6 exhibits peroxidase activity, phospholipase activity and lysophosphatidylcholine acyl transferase (LPCAT) activity. Although it is ubiquitous in expression, its level is prominently high in the lung. Prdx6 has been known to be an important enzyme for the maintenance of normal lung physiologies including, anti-oxidant defense, lung surfactant homeostasis and cell signaling. Studies further unveiled that the altered activity (peroxidase or aiPLA2) of this enzyme is linked with various lung pathologies or diseases. In the present article, we attempted to address the various pathophysiologies or disease conditions (like lung ischemia, hyperoxia, lung cancer, emphysema and acute lung injury) wherein prdx6 is involved. The study implicates that Prdx6 could be used as a common drug target for multiple lung diseases. Important future insights have also been incorporated.