Nitric oxide donor protects against acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats via S-nitrosylation of TRPV1 on vagus nerve

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) in acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer of rats and the underlying mechanisms. We found that peritoneal injection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, decreased the ulcer area, inflammatory cell infiltration and MPO degree in acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats. This effect was abolished by a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonist or prior subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. SNP increased the jejunal mesenteric afferent discharge in a dose-depended manner, which was largely diminished by pretreatment of S-nitrosylation blocker N-ethylmaleimide, TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine, genetic deletion of TRPV1, or vagotomy. Whole-cell patch clamp recording showed that SNP depolarized the resting membrane potential of NG neurons, and enhanced capsaicin-induced inward current, which were both blocked by N-ethylmaleimide. Our results suggest that NO donor SNP alleviates acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats via vagus nerve, while S-nitrosylation of TRPV1 may participate in this route. Our findings reveal a new mechanism for vagal afferent activation, and a new potential anti-inflammatory target.