Caracterización imaginológica y citológica en la neoplasia de mama

El cancer de mama se considera un problema de salud en Cuba, de gran incidencia anual. Para caracterizar a las mujeres presuntas portadoras de neoplasia de mama que acudieron a la consulta central de mama durante el 2005, se describieron las alteraciones ecograficas y mamograficas que presentaban y se identifico la relacion entre los estudios imaginologico y citologico. Se realizo esta investigacion descriptiva de corte transversal en el Hospital Clinicoquirurgico Dr. Salvador Allende, se les indico ultrasonido, mamografia y biopsia aspirativa con aguja fina a 60 mujeres. Se caracterizaron diferentes variables. Se observo predominio en los grupos etarios de 40 a 79 anos. 15 refirieron antecedentes patol¾gicos familiares maternos de csncer mamario; 6, antecedentes patologicos personales de enfermedad mamaria y 6, menarquia precoz, entre otros. Factores como la nuliparidad y el primer parto despues de los 30 anos resultaron poco significativos. En ambos estudios imaginologicos se encontro que la lesion es mas frecuente en el CSE de la mama izquierda, con margenes irregulares y tamano mayor de 10 mm. Algo mas de un tercio presento, en la mamografia, microcalcificaciones de aspecto maligno. Estos y otros elementos permitieron clasificar a mas de la mitad de las pacientes en la categoria altamente sugestiva de malignidad. La relacion entre ambos estudios imaginologicos y entre ellos y el estudio citologico, arrojo resultados significativos; lo cual se refleja en las conclusiones que resumen, ademas, la caracterizacion de las variables propuestas y los resultados de los estudios diagnosticos realizados Breast cancer is a health problem in Cuba with a high yearly incidence. To characterize those women supposed carriers of breast neoplasia seen in the central breast consultation over 2005; we describe the present echography and mammography alterations identifying the relation among imaging and cytology studies. A cross-sectional and descriptive research was conducted in the Dr. Salvador Allende Clinical Surgical Hospital prescribing them ultrasound (US), mammography and fine needle aspiration biopsy in 60 women. Different variables were characterized. There was predominance in age-groups of 40-79 years. Fifteen had pathologic maternal backgrounds of breast cancer; six had personal pathologic backgrounds of breast disease and six had an early menarche among other entities. Factors like nulliparity and the first labor at 30 years old were not much significant. In both imaging studies the lesion is more frequent in the left breast CSE with irregular edges larger than 10 mm. Almost more than the third part showed, according mammography, potential malignant microcalcifications. These and others elements allowed us to classify more than a half of patients within the category of highly suggestive of malignancy. The relation between both imaging studies including the cytology study, yielded significant results showed in conclusions also summarizing the characterization of the proposed variables and the results of diagnostic studies conducted