Peer coaching: A practical model to support constructivist learning methods in the development of managerial competency

It has been noted that managerial competency progresses through five stages: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient and expert (Quinn, Faerman, and Thompson, 2003). Boyatzis and Kram (1999) argue that many managers will cycle through these stages as they move around within industries as part of their career progression. Achieving expert status, therefore, is an ongoing process and requires knowledge, cognition and metacognition (Higgs, 1997). Metacognition is particularly important to achieve the deep learning associated with managerial excellence as it involves knowing what one knows, knowing when and how one comes to know it, being able to think and plan strategically, and the ability to monitor and consistently evaluate one's own competence. Peer coaching (PC) can enhance critical thinking and metacognition and support the development of managerial competency.