Topology Exploration and Torque Component Analysis of Double Stator Biased Flux Machines Based on Magnetic Field Modulation Mechanism

Biased flux machines (BFMs) have biased magnetic flux in the core and allows flexibility to adjust the field with a dc current. The conventional topology exploration methods for BFMs are based on the flux observation. It is time consuming and ineffective since the initial structure searching process is guideless. Meanwhile, BFMs usually work with arbitrary magnetic field harmonics instead of the fundamental one. The torque components of these machines and their essential operation principle have not been fully revealed. To solve these issues, in this paper, a topology exploration method for BFM based on magnetic field modulation mechanism is proposed, and the torque generating principle is analyzed. With this method, some new BFM structures have been developed and their torque components have been developed. It is shown that various space harmonics have contributed to constant torque rather than the fundamental one. To verify the feasibility of this design method, one double stator BFM is selected as a case study. Simulation and experimental results have verified that this design method is feasible and effective since the prototype has good sinusoidal back electromotive force waveforms and well performance. Besides, it is practical to realize flux weakening and strengthening the control with biased current.