Порто-системные шунтирующие операции в хирургии портальной гипертензии:от фистулы Экка до процедуры tips/ТИПС (посвящается 100-летнему юбилею операции мезентерико-кавального шунтирования, предложенной проф. Н. А. Богоразом)

An age of the porotsystemic surgery of portal hypertension is estimated near of 150 years. Such complications as esophageal varices, ascitis, splenomegaly, hepatic encephalopathy requires to decrease the pressure in portal vein system effectively. Otherwise, variceal esophageal bleeding, hepatorenal syndrome, hypersplenism and coma, would be lifethreatening conditions with frequent fatal outcome for patient. 100 years ago Prof. Nikolay Bogoraz proposed mesentericocaval shunt. So, this method of portal decompression is actual up to modern times. A spectrum of surgical interventions for portal decompression is multiplied, but transabdominal operations are intolerable frequently by majority of patients with advanced hepatic insufficiency. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS procedure) represents as method of choice with high clinical effectiveness and low traumatism.