Estimating mean dynamic topography in the tropical Pacific Ocean from gravity and altimetry satellites

began in an attempt to understand and predict the climatic ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) phenomenon. The satellite solution was compared with climatology, model simulations, and synthetic solutions in terms of dynamic topography and geostrophic circulation. Its contribution to absolute sea level is quantified with independent in-situ data, such as those from the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean TAO/TRITON mooring arrays, and XBTs.