Treatment of an Acute Apical Abscess in a Patient With Autoimmune Hepatitis Taking Alendronate: A Case Report

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to report a patient's clinical case who was diagnosed with severe apical abscess and with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) using immunosuppressive drugs and bisphosphonate. Methods A 32-year-old man of black African descent urgently sought dental surgery because of an increase in volume in the right genic region and a nuisance in the region of the lower right second premolar when chewing. After intraoral and radiographic clinical examination, the patient was diagnosed with pulp necrosis and an acute apical abscess. Because he had AIH and was taking corticosteroids and bisphosphonate (alendronate), he was submitted to endodontic therapy as a minimally invasive treatment, considering his systemic state. Results After 3 years of follow-up treatment with periapical and tomographic radiographic control, bone repair of the periapical region of the tooth was observed. Conclusions Through this report, we can infer that it is possible to reverse the condition of a periapical lesion in a tooth with an acute apical abscess and necrotic pulp in an AIH patient who is using alendronate without the need for more invasive procedures and that would put at risk the patient's general and oral condition in the postoperative period.