Problem recognition, intention to stop use, and treatment use among regular heroin injectors.

Abstract This study investigated frequency of recent use as an explanatory variable in problem recognition and intention to stop use among regular injection heroin users. Data from the NEURO-HIV Epidemiologic Study, an investigation of neuropsychological and social–behavioral risk factors for HIV and hepatitis A, B, and C among injection and noninjection drug users, were used in the analyses. Participants ( N = 337) consisted of those who reported injecting heroin daily or nearly daily for a period of 3 months. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that frequency of recent injection drug use predicted problem recognition ( β = .17), but not intention to stop use; although marginal, being female ( β = .15), and homeless ( β = .14) contributed to intention to stop use. Past 6-month treatment participation was 48%, and current treatment enrollment was 26% among study participants. This study highlights the importance of capitalizing on injection drug users' recent use as a mechanism for treatment interventions.