Oleanolicacid-Chitosan Nanocomplex Induced Apoptotic Cell Death Through Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Lung Carcinoma: An Improved Synergetic Drug System for Cancer Therapy

Lung carcinoma is a forceful type of malignancy, having great elevated pace of morbidity and mortality with limited therapeutic options. The goal of current examination was to reveal the anticancer potential embedded in the oleanolic acid conjugated chitosan nanocomplex (OAC) in Human lung cancer cells (A-549). The OAC complex was characterized with DLS, Zeta potential, FTIR and SEM analysis. We found that the cytotoxic efficacy of OAC in Human lung cancer cells (A549) was dose dependent and also shows insignificant cytotoxicity towards to Human normal lung epithelial normal cells IMR-90. The influence of OAC nanocomplex on cell cycle phase distribution and also the mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using flowcytometry. The results revealed that oleanolic acid nanocomplex system induced apoptotic cell death in a dose dependent manner. Subsequently the acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining (AO/EtBr) treatment was done with different concentrations of OAC nanocomplex had initiated a characteristic morphological alterations associated with apoptosis. The present findings concluded that OAC nanocomplex treatment brought about the loss in integrity of mitochondrial membrane potential, which occurred in treated human lung cancer cells. Thus the oleanolic acid nanocomplex could be utilized as a therapeutic mediator in the treatment of cancers in humans.