Human and ecological health effects of nanoplastics: may not be a tiny problem

Abstract Nanoplastics (NPs) are present in food, soil, water, air, and personal care products, resulting in concern regarding exposure and potential adverse effects. NPs principally arise from the degradation of larger-sized plastic particles. The uptake and effects of NPs in humans are not yet known. However, recent laboratory studies have documented the uptake and adverse effects of NPs from the cellular to the community level. As NPs are in the size range of particles that can be absorbed by cells, research on these materials should be accelerated to properly assess their potential risks.