Keratoconus Grading and Its Therapeutic Implications

Keratoconus is an ectatic corneal disease characterized by a progressive corneal thinning and irregular astigmatism that negatively impact in the visual function and the optical quality of the patients. Its prevalence has been estimated to be 57/100.000 inhabitants with a prevalence of 4,5/100.000/year in the Caucasian population. It is a disease that usually is diagnosed during the first decade of life in which 73 % of cases are presented before 24 years old and present a faster progressive pattern as earliest age of diagnosis. Nowadays, there are several therapeutic options to treat such a pathological condition, such as contact lens wearing, thermokeratoplasty procedures, corneal collagen cross-linking, intracorneal ring segment implantation, and lamellar or penetrating keratoplasty procedures.