Magnetic nanocomposite’s mechanism of action during the hyperthermia treatment of the breast cancer

Mechanism of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) studied via histological, cellular and in-silico methods. Number of RGB pixels in histopathological or cellar images was calculated to estimate penetration ratio of magnetic nanocomposite (MNC; MoS2/CoFe2O4) into either of tumor tissue or cells. The hydrodynamic diameter and the size distribution of MNC were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta Sizer, respectively. The molecular dynamic (MD) model of MoS2/CoFe2O4 was studied in a cubic box of water for 6.6 ns to simulate one-time passage of an alternative magnetic field from a side of cubic box. MFH treatment of tumors (f = 150 kHz, H = 31.16 mT) with low concentration of MNC, enhanced penetration of MNCs to the mammary gland tissue. Besides, the membrane permeability of MCF-7 cells was the most in “MNC + MF” condition, which is a validation for increased apoptosis rate expectancy in cancerous cells. The MNC with hydrodynamic diameter of 24.1 ± 0.89 nm produced the greatest “temperature/Etotal” ratio when the lowest MF (2.35 × 103 mT) was applied on the lowest concentration of the MNC (38 mM). Cellular uptake of MNC by the cancerous MCF-7 cells in the presence of MF, considerably boosted compared to the time that no MF was applied. Therefore, application of low-amplitude MF on low concentration of MNC results in targeted apoptosis of cancerous cells, while leaving normal cells intact.