Interphase Chromosomes of Friend-S Cells Are Attached to the Matrix Structures Through the Centromeric/Telomeric Regions

DNA of the attachment sites of Friend erythroleukemia cells, isolated according to the conventional procedure, represents short, nuclease-resistant fragments with sizes below 400 bp, belonging to the class of mouse satellite. A number of experiments have indicated that their unusual resistance is due to complexing with RNA. By various approaches, it was confirmed that similar fragments might be recovered from total DNA following extensive digestion with DNase I. In situ hybridizations revealed further that at mitosis the sequences of the attachment sites are located at the centromeric/telomeric regions of the chromosomes, while at interphase they are redistributed into 9-13 well-defined clusters spread throughout the entire nuclear area. Parallel biochemical and electronomicroscopic studies have clarified, moreover, that the all three compartments of the matrix harbor such sequences. Thus, it appears that the attachment sites described function only at interphase, anchoring the both ends of each interphase chromosome to the matrix structures.