Two-phase flow discharge in nozzles and pipes — a unified approach☆

Abstract This paper presents a unified treatment on homogeneous two-phase discharge through short nozzles and long pipes. The resulting generalized solutions, cast in terms of a limited number of dimensionless variables, can adequately account for liquid properties, inlet conditions, effect due to pipe friction, gravitational change, inlet subcooling and presence of non-condensable gases. The results are also presented in the form of design charts, for practising engineers.