Inhibition of Human 20S Proteasome by Ginsenosides from Panax ginseng

Preclinical evaluation has shown that cancer cells are more sensitive to the proapoptotic effects of proteasome inhibition than normal cells. Therefore, several groups of proteasome inhibitors such as peptide aldehydes, peptide boronates, nonpeptide inhibitors, peptide vinyl sulfones, and epoxyketones, have been developed and are now widely used as research tools to study the role of the UPP in various cellular processes.Currently, only two proteasome inhibitors, bortezomib and NPI-0052, have been reported in clinical trials.