Emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral therapy experienced perinatally infected children in South India

Results Among those who had been on ART for a median period of 24 months 51 children (83.6%) achieved virological suppression. There were 10 children with virological failure, and only two amongst these manifested immunological failure. Nine children (90%) had reverse transcriptase-related DRMs, and none had protease inhibitor-related DRMs. The most frequent NRTI mutation was M184V (n=9) followed by two thymidine analogous associated mutations (TAMs) M41L and T215Y (n=2). The most frequent nNRTI mutations were K103N (n=6) and Y181C (n=3).