Differential effects of the essential oils of Lavandula luisieri and Eryngium duriaei subsp. juresianum in cell models of two chronic inflammatory diseases

AbstractContext: Effective drugs to treat osteoarthritis (OA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are needed.Objective: To identify essential oils (EOs) with anti-inflammatory activity in cell models of OA and IBD.Materials and methods: EOs from Eryngium duriaei subsp. juresianum (M. Lainz) M. Lainz (Apiaceae), Laserpitium eliasii subsp. thalictrifolium Sennen & Pau (Apiaceae), Lavandula luisieri (Rozeira) Rivas-Martinez (Lamiaceae), Othantus maritimus (L.) Hoff. & Link (Asteraceae), and Thapsia villosa L. (Apiaceae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The anti-inflammatory activity of EOs (5–200 μg/mL) was evaluated by measuring inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation (total and phosphorylated IκB-α), in primary human chondrocytes and the intestinal cell line, C2BBe1, stimulated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), respectively.Results: The EO of L. luisieri significantly reduced iNOS (by 54.9 and 81.0%, respec...