Generating Convergent Laguerre-Gaussian Beams Based on an Arrayed Convex Spiral Phaser Fabricated by 3D Printing

A convex spiral phaser array (CSPA) is designed and fabricated to generate typical convergent Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams. A type of 3D printing technology based on the two-photon absorption effect is used to make the CSPAs with different featured sizes, which present a structural integrity and fabricating accuracy of ~200 nm according to the surface topography measurements. The light field vortex characteristics of the CSPAs are evaluated through illuminating them by lasers with different central wavelength such as 450 nm, 530 nm and 650 nm. It should be noted that the arrayed light fields out from the CSPA are all changed from a clockwise vortex orientation to a circular distribution at the focal plane and then a counterclockwise vortex orientation. The circular light field is distributed 380–400 μm away from the CSPA, which is close to the 370 μm of the focal plane design. The convergent LG beams can be effectively shaped by the CASPs produced.