Oncological Monitoring of NonMuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC)

Bladder cancer is the most common urinary tract malignancy and the fifth leading new cancer diagnosis in the United States. Nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) comprises the majority of these cases and is known for its varying oncological outcomes and need for frequent follow-up and treatment. However, there is significant heterogeneity between surveillance protocols and an undefined role for the implementation of new endoscopic technology and urinary markers. This chapter will serve as a comprehensive and practical guide for the oncological monitoring of NMIBC. Additionally, it will incorporate tips and tricks utilized by experts in the field that can be applied in a urologist’s daily practice.