Three dimensional (Z-dependence), collective and individual semi-empirical formulae for L X-ray production and ionization cross section by protons impact within corrected ECPSSR theory and updated experimental data: a review

In this paper we propose a new three dimensional semi-empirical formulae for the deduction of L X-ray production and ionization cross sections by introducing the dependence on the atomic number of the target, noted as ‘Z-dependence’. The data are also fitted collectively and separately (for each element) by analytical functions to calculate semi-empirical cross sections. For this purpose, the corrected ECPSSR model (noted as eCPSSR) and the published experimental data of Lα, Lβ and Lγ X-ray production and L1, L2 and L3 ionization cross sections in the period (1950–2014) are combined to calculate the semi-empirical ones for a wide range of elements by proton impact. The semi-empirical cross sections (for the three x-rays lines Lα, Lβ, Lγ and the three sub-shells L1, L2, L3) are then deduced by fitting the available experimental data normalized to their corresponding theoretical values (using the eCPSSR model) giving a better representation of the experimental data for the individual interpolation. At last, a comparison is made between the three semi-empirical formulae reported in this work. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.