Medical preparedness for radiation emergency in Japan

Medical Preparedness for Radiation Emergency in Japan is primary for off-site public protection. Many things remains to be discussed about on-site emergency medical problems. On the other hand, each nuclear facility should have a countermeasure plan of radiation emergency including medical measures for the emergency. Disaster countermeasure act and a guideline from NSC entitled "Off-site emergency planning and preparedness for nuclear power plants" establish the system for countermeasures in radiation emergencies. The guidelines also establishes medical plans in radiation emergencies, including care system for the severely contaminated or injured. NIRS is designated by the guideline as the definite care hospital for radiation injuries and is prepared to dispatch medical specialists and to receive the injured. NIRS conducts clinical follow-up studies of the injured, researches of diagnosis and treatments for radiation injuries, and education and training for medical personnel. NIRS has the plans to serve as the reference center for emergency radiation medicine in Japan and also in Asia, if necessary. NIRS would like to serve as a member of WHO Collaborating Center for Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance (REMPAN). Now, NIRS is making preparation for providing 24 hours direct or consultative assistance with medical problems associated with radiation accidents in local, national, and hopefully international incidents