Multipath Measurement in the Sea, Simulation and Estimation of Underwater Acoustic channel

The importance of identifying underwater acoustic channels and their effects on signals is increasing due to its widespread use in various fields such as environmental monitoring, explorations in oceans and military operations. In this paper, we simulate the multi-path effect in underwater environment based on near-real-world models and by analyzing the received signal equations in a multi-sensor array. The results are expressed in terms of probability density, kurtosis, skewness, cepstrum and reflection volume in the channel. Based on received signal modeling, the signal behavior in a linear array is investigated and analyzed in a few depths relative to a fixed source. Moreover, to investigate the multi-path phenomenon, actual measurements were made in the sea and measurement scenario, signal analysis, results of the impulse response and its statistical behavior are presented. The results of real data analysis show that the magnitude of the acoustic signal transmitted by sea has a Nakagami distribution.