Treating STDs to help control HIV infection.

This article examines the magnitude and dimensions of the daunting global sexually transmitted disease (STD) challenge which demands myriad preventative strategies to keep it from escalating out of control. Focus is on the two-way interactions between HIV and STDs with their disturbing potential for mutual reinforcement. It also discusses results of the best interventional strategies for reducing HIV transmission. Scientific studies suggest an epidemiologic synergy between HIV and STD with STDs a more frequent problem in developing countries than in developed countries. This reciprocal relationship between STD and HIV indicates that each may alter the transmission or manifestations of the other resulting in mutual reinforcement of spiral of infection. In this regard controlling the high levels of STDs will be crucial to both improving global reproductive health and reducing the HIV pandemic. A combination of strategies is necessary: more available diagnostic techniques wider STD treatment safer sexual behaviors and STD prophylactic vaccines.