Role of renin angiotensin system in ischemic preconditioning

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Angiotensin has been noted down that enhance cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Ischemia is a state of oxygen deprivation in tissues, whereas reperfusion is restoration of blood flow in ischemic tissues. Heart renin angiotensin system (RAS)plays an important role in the myocardial ischemia precondioning (IPC). Angiotensin(1-7) is responsible for vasodilation and angiotensin II for vasoconstriction. In IPC process upregulation of angiotensin II that leads to increased infarct size, which can be reduced by the use of ACE inhibitors, ACE2 activators and angiotensin II antagonist.Decreases the level of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE 2) and increases the level of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is a negative regulator for cardioprotection of IPC. Keyword:Ischemia preconditioning, ACE inhibitor,ACE2 activator, Angiotensin II antagonist.