Dieta hiperlipídica materna, tecido adiposo, fígado, metabolismo de carboidratos e sinalização central de leptina na prole de camundongos C57BL/6

2011 
O consumo materno de dieta hiperlipidica saturada durante a gestacao e lactacao favorece o desenvolvimento obesidade e anormalidades metabolicas na prole. Este trabalho teve como objetivo testar a hipotese de que a prole proveniente de maes alimentadas com dieta hiperlipidica durante a gestacao e lactacao desenvolve obesidade e anormalidades metabolicas e de que essas alteracoes estao associadas a resistencia central a leptina. As ratas gravidas da linhagem C57BL/6 (n=20) foram alimentadas com dieta standard chow (SC; 19% de lipideos) ou dieta hiperlipidica (HF; 49% de lipideos) durante todo periodo de gestacao e lactacao. Apos o desmame, a prole de machos foi dividida em quatro grupos experimentais, de acordo com a dieta das maes e da prole: SC(maes)/SC(prole), SC/HF, HF/SC e HF/HF (n=12/gp). As caracteristicas metabolicas foram avaliadas pela curva de ganho de peso; medida da pressao arterial; glicose de jejum, area sob a curva no teste oral de tolerância a glicose; concentracoes de triglicerideos hepaticos e estimativa da esteatose hepatica; analise plasmatica de insulina e leptina e; distribuicao e analise morfologica do tecido adiposo. Para analisar a sensibilidade a leptina, os quatro grupos originais foram subdivididos em dois grupos cada (veiculo ou leptina-5µg) para verificar a resposta alimentar (g) apos o tratamento agudo intracerebroventricular (ICV) e a sinalizacao hipotalâmica de leptina. A dieta HF durante o periodo pos-desmame (grupo SC/HF), durante gestacao e lactacao (grupo HF/SC), ou ambos os periodos (grupo HF/HF), promoveu aumento da massa corporal. No que concerne as alteracoes hepaticas e a acao da insulina, a dieta HF durante o periodo perinatal favoreceu 25% de esteatose hepatica, hiperinsulinemia e hiperleptinemia, enquanto os demais grupos experimentais SC/HF e HF/HF, demonstraram um padrao mais exacerbado...(AU) Maternal high-fat diet consumption during pregnancy and lactation causes metabolic abnormalities (MA) (similar to metabolic syndrome in humans) in the rodents’ offspring. We tested the hypothesis that the offspring of dams fed a high fat diet during pregnancy and lactation develop MA and leptin resistance.Pregnant C57BL6 mice (n=20) were fed either standard chow (SC; 19% fat) or a high fat diet (HF; 49% fat). After weaning, male offspring were divided into four groups according to the diet of dams and offspring: SC(dams)/SC(offspring), SC/HF, HF/SC and HF/HF (n=12/group). MA were characterized by weight gain curve measured weekly; tail-cuff systolic pressure; fast glucose and areas under the curve after oral glucose tolerance test; fat mass depots; leptin and insulin concentrations, all performed at 12 weeks of age.To analyze leptin sensitivity, each group was divided into two groups (vehicle or leptin-5µg) to identify the feeding response and pSTAT3 expression after acute intracerebroventricular (ICV) treatment (n=6/group). The HF schedule during post-weaning (SC/HF group), during gestation and lactation (HF/SC group), or both periods (HF/HF group), increased body mass in experimental groups. In respect to hepatic alterations and insulin action, the HF diet during gestation and lactation caused 25% of liver steatosis, hiperinsulinemia and hiperleptinemia, whereas SC/HF and HF/HF presented worst patterns. The fat distribution and morphometry pointed for the key role of HF during gestation and lactation in amplify the ability to store fat in the offspring...(AU)
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