Application of Genetic Engineering in Biotherapeutics Development

Purpose Advancements in genetic engineering have profoundly impacted the biotherapeutic industry and shaped many of the methods and strategies used today for both bioproduction and therapeutic design. Improvements in production yield and quality have been achieved by manipulating the expression of genes involved in cell survival, metabolism, secretion, and glycosylation, among others, and recent breakthroughs in gene therapy clinical trials show great promise for the future. Here we review the current genome editing tools used in the field and examine major areas of research for microbial and mammalian host bioproduction as well as progress in gene and cell-based therapeutics.