Effect of dietary patterns on the maternal weight changes and neonatal birth weight in pregnant women with gestational abnormal glucose metabolism

Objective: To learn the effect of dietary patterns(low glycemic index dietary patterns)on the maternal weight changes and neonatal birth weight in pregnant women with gestational abnormal glucose metabolism.Methods:Ninety-two pregnant women with gestational abnormal glucose metabolism were recruited with the glucose challenge or tolerance test,they have been pregnant for 24 to 28 weeks.Forty-six pregnant women with gestational abnormal glucose metabolism received diet management(low glycemic index dietary patterns).The food intake frequency for 3 months before the test was investigated of diet management group(dietary patterns regulation group) that dietary patterns regulation was designed for each women based on the nutrtional assessment,individual status,etc.Low glycemic index dietary patterns were adopted by diet management group.Other 46 pregnant women with gestational abnormal glucose metabolism without diet management who only received routine obstetrical checkup.The changes of the weight gain in pregnant women and neonatal birth weight were observed.Results:The maternal weight changes of pregnant women who received diet management increased(13.04±4.12) kg from pre-gestation to delivery and(3.04±3.77) kg from 29 to delivery,which was significantly lower than those of non-diet management pregnant women(16.52±4.47) kg from pre-gestation to deliver and(7.06±3.13) kg from 29 to deliver(P 0.01).Incidence of fetal macrosomia was significantly lower than 6.5% vs 30.4%(p 0.01)between diet management group and non-diet management group,respectively.Incidence of maternal and fetal outcomes decreased obviously,with diet management group.Conclusions:dietary patterns(low glycemic index dietary patterns)would be beneficial for better pregnancy outcome.