Wastewater Management for Sustainable Development

 Abstract —in the current age of immense water and power crisis the treatment of wastewater is important from ecological consideration but also on the economic front. Various treatment methodologies are adopted based on the characteristics and condition of wastewater. Best result of removing loads shows in combining system such as up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor followed by activated sludge process. Biological treatment assesses the efficiency of BOD and COD load removal. However the choice of the treatment techniques is critical and complex. This article reviews the wastewater treatment techniques from economic and ecological perspectives. Wastewater contains number of pathogenic, microorganisms and nutrients which can affect the human and the environment. For these reasons, the treatment of waste water is of utmost importance. Also, the treated water can be used as an alternative source to fresh water. The energy water nexus can be positively affected by treating wastewater and recycling it to reduce fresh water demand. The source of wastewater is from domestic and industrial activities. Domestic wastewater is primarialrily from human activities. It comes from washing, kitchen, laundry and houses uses. In general, it consists of 99.9% water and 0.1% solid which is 70% organic (protein, carbohydrates and fats) and 30% inorganic (grit, salt and metals). Usually, it is color is grey and turbid liquid. Real health risk represents in this kind of waste water due it is composition which contains millions per milliliter of fungi, algae, bacteria and viruses which causes many illnesses such as: typhoid, dysentery and cholera. Industrial wastewater it is industry waste and it is composition depend upon the factory products and the chemical used during the process. Both organic and inorganic can occur in the composition of industrial