Épidémiologie des infections materno-fœtales à streptocoque du groupe B Epidemiology of maternal-fetal group b streptococcal infections

Goal The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of maternal-fetal infection due to group B streptococcus. Patients and methods. – We identified all cases of maternal-fetal group B streptococcus infection between January 2003 and December 2007, from neonatal unit reports at the Charles Nicolle Hospital. Results. – Ninety cases were identified out of 17,922 live births, incidence 5‰ of which 2.3‰ of bacteremia. Twenty percent of all newborns were premature and 22.2% had a low birth weight. Peripartum maternal fever was recorded in 52.2% of cases and membrane rupture more than 12 hours before delivery occurred in 74.4%. Among the newborns, 45.6% were symptomatic at birth. Forty percent of group B streptococci were resistant to erythromycin and 3.3% with intermediate resistance to ampicillin. The global neonatal mortality after group B streptococcus infection was 3.3%. Conclusion. – Maternal-fetal infection due to group B streptococcus is still frequent and continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.