Piloter la complexité organisationnelle, du féodal au 2.0: La ville, le SI et l’entreprise (ou le bon, la brute et le truand)

This conceptual paper introduces various models to describe and pilot complexity across organizations, through a compared study on three objects: the town, the IS and the firm. We suggest three organizational models which follow each other in the time: the feudal model, the functionalist model, and the multipolar or 2.0 model. We underline how this last model is breaking with the previous ones, and the new issues of management and organizational transformation. The corresponding IS tools, that are still largely in their infancy, will be key elements to manage multipolar firms, the CIO playing here a major role.