Effect of n-3 ployunsaturated fatty acid on insulin resistance and the pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes—a Meta analysis

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of n-3 ployunsaturated fatty acid on insulin resistance, blood fat and the pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes. Methods Databases of Medline, EMBase, Cochrane Central register of controlled trials (CENTRAL) were retrieved, and the language was English. Database of CNKI was retrieved, and the language was Chinese. Time was from January 2000 to March 2017, the search words were gestational diabetes, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, clinical trial. All the randomized controlled trials were included after assessed by Jadad scale. RevMan 5.2 was used for statistical analysis. Results There were 5 English literatures that came from 2 different countries at last. The level of insulin (I2=92%, 95% CI=-4.95--1.03, Z=2.99, P=0.003), newborns’ hyperbilirubinemia rate (I2=0%, 95% CI=0.07-0.58, Z=2.94, P=0.003), newborns’ hospitalization rate (I2=0%, 95% CI=0.07-0.64, Z=2.78, P=0.005) in n-3 group were lower than those in control group, total cholesterol (I2=82%, 95% CI=2.39-10.61, Z=3.1, P=0.002) in n-3 group was higher than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant. There were no statistical difference in FPG (I2=100%, 95% CI=-9.87-16.98, Z=0.52, P=0.6), triglycerides (I2=99%, 95% CI=-40.69-20.85, Z=0.63, P=0.53), need to insulin therapy after intervention rate (I2=0%, 95% CI= 0.05-2.16, Z=1.16, P=0.25) and the ratio of macrosomia >4 000 g (I2=9%, 95% CI=0.11-1.45, Z=1.38, P=0.17). Conclusion The available clinical evidence is insufficient to prove that n-3 fatty acid is beneficial to improve the insulin resistance and the pregnancy outcome of pregnant, but it is beneficial to neonatal health. Key words: n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; Gestational diabetes; Insulin resistance; Pregnancy outcome; Meta analysis