Risk assessment of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Taiwan.

The first peak of human cases of influenza A (H7N9) virus infection from February to May followed by two cases in July 2013 and August 2013, accounting for 135 cases along with 47 deaths. A second ascent of cases started in October 2013 and surged to 102 cases including 11 deaths, which have been reported in four provinces of China (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong), Hong Kong, and one travel-related case from Taiwan, as of January 24, 2014. Furthermore, compared to the past year’s peak, the age distribution in the second wave of cases does not tend to skew toward the elderly. To formulate appropriate prevention and control strategies for public health, the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (Taiwan CDC) assessed the risk associated with emergence of H7N9 virus and provided guidance for health care workers and the public. Information on characteristics of the H7N9 virus, attributes of the human population at risk, and epidemiology of the virus were systematically assessed. An internal expert meeting was held at Taiwan CDC to evaluate the assessment report.